At least one in seven Indians experiences a mental health condition during their lifetime, and the burden is even higher among people suffering from infectious diseases like Tuberculosis (TB) or HIV. In such cases, nearly one-third to half of patients are affected. TB not only damages physical health but also significantly affects mental well-being, leading to problems such as depression, anxiety, and sometimes psychosis. These issues are often worsened by stigma and social exclusion. TB is closely associated with poverty. It both arises from and contributes to socioeconomic challenges like unemployment, malnutrition, and food insecurity. These factors also increase the risk of mental illness. Studies in India show that about one-third of TB patients suffer from depression and anxiety, with even higher rates among those with drug-resistant TB. Stigma—whether from society, family, or self—further increases psychological distress. Many patients experience guilt, especially due to the fear of infecting their loved ones. Mental health conditions can delay the diagnosis of TB and also reduce treatment adherence, increasing the chances of relapse or drug resistance. Therefore, integrating mental health care into TB treatment is extremely important. Regular screening for depression and anxiety, proper training of healthcare workers to identify psychological distress, and repeated assessments during treatment can improve patient outcomes. Along with anti-TB medicines, patients may need antidepressants or psychological support such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and peer support. Caregivers also face high levels of stress, which can affect patient recovery. Hence, psychoeducation for families is essential. A combined approach that integrates mental health into TB care can improve treatment success, reduce caregiver burden, and promote long-term well-being for both patients and their families.